<p>Beekman Meeting House and Friends&#39; Cemetery is located on Emans Road in LaGrangeville, New York, United States. The meeting house is a wooden building from the early 19th century that has been unused and vacant for decades. As a result, it is in an advanced state of decay, and mostly collapsed. The cemetery, better preserved, is located a short distance away.</p><br>
<p>The meeting house was built in 1809 for a meeting that split off from another one in the nearby hamlet of Oswego. After the Hicksite-Orthodox schism in 1828, it was one of only two meetings in the county to embrace Orthodox Quakerism. After that meeting dissolved in the early 20th century, it was for a time a Grange hall. It and its nearby cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Meetinghouse</h2><br>
<p>The house is located on Emans Road, which runs parallel to state highway NY 82 a mile north of the Taconic State Parkway&#39;s Arthursburg exit. It is located on an overgrown lot of just under an acre returning to forest at the northeast corner of the Pulling Road intersection. The neighborhood is residential, with houses on large, mostly cleared lots in an otherwise wooded area. There is a small, swampy pond to the east.</p><br>
<p>Only the northernmost section of the house remains standing, a small service wing of the original building. It is a shed-roofed one-and-a-half-story frame structure sided in clapboard. A boarded-up window is located in the apex of the building; an open frame is on the ground story. The south side is an exposed interior wall with doorways and openings to the kitchen intact. It is painted white; the similar paint on the exterior walls has mostly faded and flaked off. On the ground to the south are scattered wooden debris roughly corresponding to the house&#39;s onetime footprint.</p><br>
<h2>Cemetery</h2><br>
<p>The cemetery is on a separate parcel on the south side of Pulling Road, 600 ft southeast of the meetinghouse. A small path goes to it between two new houses. It is a small, quiet graveyard surrounded by woods, with stones dating to the mid-19th century. Of the Quaker graveyards in the county, it is the one closest to the original principles.</p><br>
<p>It is not certain whether the cemetery and meetinghouse were originally on the same large parcel. The pond is directly between the two, and there is no evidence of a path. It may have been chosen as the cemetery site since it was on a rise and drier than the land closer to the meetinghouse where a cemetery would usually be located.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Throughout the 18th century, Quakers had moved into Dutchess County from other regions of the colonies, particularly New England. They sought less settled areas, where they could practice their religion without being disturbed or perseucted and live lives closer to nature and God. In the later 18th century, Quaker emigrations dwindled both as the county grew, and especially during the Revolutionary War as it became more militarized.</p><br>
<p>The meeting was founded in the years just before 1800 by members of the nearby Oswego Meeting in Moore&#39;s Mill when there were enough of them who lived in what was still at the time part of the Town of Beekman to constitute their own meeting. Their first meeting house, of which no traces remain, was a simple square building, unevenly divided inside with separate entrances for men and women, a feature common in Quaker meetinghouses of that era.</p><br>
<p>By 1809 the Beekman meeting had grown so quickly it was necessary to construct a new building, the one whose wing remains today. In keeping with updated Quaker practice, it was a long building with moderately pitched gable roof and a full-width porch on the west elevation. The original plan called for a 33 by with 11 ft posts, but the superior meeting ordered the post height reduced a foot (30.5 cm) and the final building varied slightly even from those plans.</p><br>
<p>The interior had a sliding center partition. Its materials were finely crafted but restrained in decoration, per Quaker doctrine calling for plainness. It was similar to the extant building at Oswego, unsurprising since the Beekman meeting had originally been part of that group.</p><br>
<p>In 1828 the Hicksite–Orthodox split occurred in American Quakerism. The Beekman meeting was one of only two in the county to take the latter path, in which believers built meetinghouses more like traditional churches and adopted other religious practices. Unlike other Orthodox meetings, the Beekman Friends never hired a pastor, and as a result its meetings became irregular by the early 20th century.</p><br>
<p>The local Grange began renting the house for meetings, as it did at the Creek and Pleasant Valley meetings, also in Dutchess County. By the 1920s it took over ownership. Twenty years later, it, too, began declining in membership and eventually ceased to exist, leaving the meeting house to deteriorate. With no organization or person behind it doing regular maintenance, the building had become seriously dilapidated by the time it was listed on the Register with some of the other early meetinghouses in the county in 1988. That decline has continued to the point where little of it remains standing today.</p><br>
<p>Clinton Corners Friends Church is a historic Society of Friends meeting house on Salt Point Turnpike/Main Street in Clinton Corners, Dutchess County, New York. It is located directly across the street from the Creek Meeting House and Friends&#39; Cemetery. The congregation originated during the Quaker schism of 1828 when Friends Creek Meeting split into Hicksite and Orthodox meetings .</p><br>
<p>The Orthodox meeting moved about a mile north of Clinton Corners to the located on the grounds of the current. The Orthodox meeting grew as they welcomed Protestants from other denominations and began to. In 1890 they moved back into the village to the current location and built a one story, rectangular frame building on a stone foundation right across from the still active Creek Meeting. In 1916, feeling the need for more space, this building was move further from the road and a Shingle Style rectangular structure with a jerkin-head gable roof was built and attached to front of relocated 1890 structure. The former 1890 meeting room was converted into a gym and dining hall for community suppers. A small addition in the 1920s at the back included a stage. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>In the mid 1970s the congregation aligned with Evangelical Friends and started a school. By the mid 1980s the congregation had aligned with the Evangelical Free Church of America and the last services in the building were held. The building soon after became a private residence.</p><br>
<p>Creek Meeting House and Friends&#39; Cemetery is a historic Society of Friends meeting house and cemetery on Salt Point Turnpike/Main Street in Clinton Corners, Dutchess County, New York. It was built between 1777 and 1782. The meeting house is a two story, squarish building constructed of fieldstone. Land for the building was given by Able Peters whose substantial brick house is the next building on the same side of the road north of the meeting house. In 1828 the Friends Creek Meeting split into Hicksite and Orthodox meetings . The Orthodox meeting moved about a mile north of Clinton Corners to the Shingle Meeting House located on the grounds of the current Friends Upton Lake Cemetery. The Creek Meeting sold the building to the Upton Lake Grange in 1927 and joined the Bulls Head Meeting in 1936. The Grange transferred the building to the Town of Clinton Historical Society in 1995. The original slate covered, moderately pitched gable roof was replaced with metal in the early 21st century by the Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The still active surrounding cemetery contains over 100 headstones; slate in a plain Quaker style along with many marble and newer granite. The early tradition of marking graves with wood has also left nearly 100 unmarked graves which are noted on the July 1938 survey of the cemetery. The Peters family plot in the northwestern portion of the burial grounds was moved to make room for the Poughkeepsie and Eastern Railroad and is distinguished by its low enclosure.</p><br>
<p>The Creek Meeting house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 and is located directly across the street from the Clinton Corners Friends Church.</p><br>
<p>St. Margarets Home, also known as Mrs. Astors Orphan Asylum, is a historic Episcopal orphanage located at 7260 South Broadway in Red Hook, Dutchess County, New York. It was built in 1852, and is a two-story, Italian Villa style brick building with brownstone trim. It features a front porch with fluted cast iron columns, French windows, and round arched center double entrance. Its construction and operation until 1872 was supported by Margaret Rebecca Armstrong Astor , wife of William Backhouse Astor, Sr.  From 1872 to 1875, its patron was Margaret Astor Ward Chanler, wife of John Winthrop Chanler , after which Congressman Chanler until his death in 1877 and afterwards the Chanler Estate. The orphanage closed in 1932.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>West Kortright Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at 49 W. Kortright Church Road in West Kortright, Delaware County, New York. It is a wood frame building on a stone foundation surmounted by a broad gable roof. It was originally constructed in 1850 and substantially renovated in 1890s.</p><br>
<p>In 1975, local residents vowed to save the West Kortright Presbyterian Church, with its beautiful stained glass windows, kerosene chandeliers, and rich woodwork and the church began its second life of service. Now a Historic Landmark, the Greek Revival structure became home to The West Kortright Centre, a not-for-profit organization dedicated to excellence in arts programming and presentation.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Kukhva  is a river in Kārsava, Baltinava, and Viļaka municipalities of Latvia and in Pytalovsky and Ostrovsky Districts of Pskov Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Velikaya. It is 106 km long, and the area of its basin 828 km&sup2;.</p><br>
<p>The source of the Kukhva is Lake Numerne in eastern Latvia. The river flows north, and a stretch of it forms part of the international border between Latvia and Russia. The Kukhva further north departs from the border, crosses the northern part of Pytalovsky District of Pskov Oblast, forms the border between Ostrovsky and Pytalovsky District, turns east and crossing Ostrovsky District where it joins the Velikaya from the left. The mouth of the Kukhva is in the village of Trushki.</p><br>
<p>The drainage basin of the Kukhva comprises areas in northeastern Latvia, as well as in the north of Pytalovsky District and in the west of Ostrovsky District of Pskov Oblast in Russia.</p><br>
<p>Overlook Mountain is the southernmost peak of the Catskill Escarpment in the central Catskill Mountains near Woodstock, New York. Centerpiece of the 590 acre Overlook Mountain Wild Forest area of Catskill Park, the mountain is the site of one of the remaining five Catskill Mountain fire towers and the Overlook Mountain House, a hotel which was built at a higher elevation than any other in the range.</p><br>
<h2>Natural history</h2><br>
<p>Overlook Mountain is the southernmost peak of the Catskill Escarpment, which was formed of limestone bedrock by a period of glaciation. It is one of the timber rattlesnake habitats in the Catskills. The summit is covered with red oak, red spruce, and balsam fir trees.</p><br>
<h2>Cultural history</h2><br>
<p>Overlook Mountain was the site of one of the "mountain houses" which were constructed in the Catskills during the 1800s. In 1902 its southern slopes became home to the Byrdcliffe Colony, a utopian settlement with an arts focus.</p><br>
<h3>Fire tower</h3><br>
<p>The Overlook fire tower was originally constructed in 1927 on Gallis Hill, west of Kingston, New York, and was moved to its present location in 1950. The 60 ft tower was used by fire stewards to more easily locate wildfires. The tower, along with the others in the Catskills, were closed for safety reasons in 1988. Overlook&#39;s tower was the first to reopen after renovations were completed, on June 5, 1999.</p><br>
<h3>Mountain House</h3><br>
<p>The first hotel built on the mountain was designed and built by 1833 as interest in tourism in the area increased. The structure was built with the intention to expand it, but was unable to compete effectively with the Catskill Mountain House.</p><br>
<p>The Overlook Mountain House, designed by Lewis B. Wagonen, opened in 1871. At 2,920 ft, it was at a higher elevation than the nearby Catskill Mountain House or other hotels in the area. The hotel had capacity for 300 guests, and was destroyed by fire in 1875. The hotel was rebuilt by the Kiersted Brothers in 1875, and faced increasing competition from the Grand Hotel, Hotel Kaaterskill, and Laurel House. In 1921 was the site of a secret organizational meeting of what was to become the Communist Labor Party of America. The hotel again burned down in 1923, and architect Frank P. Amato was hired by owner Morris Newgold to redesign and rebuild it.</p><br>
<p>This design was never completely built, as the hotels elevation and lack of rail transportation made it difficult for customers to reach the site, compounding owner Newgolds financial difficulties. The State of New York acquired much of the land, and the hotel was boarded up in 1940. Further fire damage in the mid-1960s brought down a roof-top tower which had remained standing until that point. The ruins of the hotel are accessible from the main trail.</p><br>
<p>Cave di Cusa  or Rocche di Cusa was an ancient stone quarry in Sicily. It is located 3 kilometers south of the town Campobello di Mazara in the province of Trapani, Italy. It is 1.8 kilometer long and is on a ridge that spans from east to west. This site was quarried beginning in the first half of the 6th century BC and its stone was used to construct the temples in the ancient Greek city Selinunte. It was abandoned in 409 BC when the city was captured by the Carthaginians. It is now an official Sicilian Archeological Zone and a popular tourist site.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Cave di Cusa was the source of stone used to build the town of Selinunte&#39;s sacred temple. Selinunte was a Greek temple that was located 13 km southwest from the quarry. That area of Sicily was inhabited mainly be the ancient Greeks. The stone found at Cave di Cusa site was very suitable for building and therefore a material of choice. Its texture and tufa resistant limestone material made it ideal and perfect for the construction of the sacred Greek temple. This quarry was mined for many years, 150 to be exact. There is evidence to believe that at one time, 150 people worked there. Many of them were slave laborers.</p><br>
<p>In 409 BC Cave di Cusa was suddenly abandoned. This was due to the unexpected and unwanted arrival of Carthaginian invader Hannibal Mago. This visit broke out into a war between the opposing forces, and ultimately Selinunte was defeated. The town was destroyed after the defeat, and no work ever occurred at the quarry again. The slaves and laborers fled the scene and escaped to safety. The blocks of stone that were currently being worked on were completely left alone and have formed the geography of the site today. In its day, Cave di Cusa was very efficient, so one might wonder how this site would have transformed throughout history if it had not been for its abandonment.</p><br>
<h2>Archaeological investigation</h2><br>
<p>Archaeological investigation on the site has given us a lot of information regarding Cave di Cusa and how it was used. The site itself is covered in 60 blocks of rock, many of them cylindrical in nature, in various stages of carving, strewn haphazardly around the site (some in situ) that were originally intended for the construction of the temple. The stone from this site was used for columns at the temple, and many columns still exist at the site today. The rock is in different stages of being quarried, so it is evident that the abandonment of the site occurred rather quickly. There is evidence of pick marks on the rocks from various stone tools, so archaeologists have been able to determine the methods used to quarry the stone. Many efficient and advanced methods were used to carve the stone, like grooves and holes put on "architraves" that allowed ropes and beams to be threaded through them to aid in lifting the rock. It shows how crafty and intelligent ancient peoples were in working on this site.</p><br>
<h2>Tourism</h2><br>
<p>In modern times, Cave di Cusa has become a popular tourist destination in Sicily. The ancient Greek culture and influence of Selinunte and the surrounding areas is evidenced here. It is said to be beautiful in the spring, due to its array of flowers and pillars and people have been known to have picnics there. There are also many bed and breakfasts located nearby, due to the large amount of tourism. In addition, it is most importantly a piece of history and has cultural value to it. The pillars have been preserved very well since they were interrupted in their production. Therefore, many visitors find it very educational as well as beautiful.</p><br>
<p>Fort Cummings is a former U. S. Army post located near Cooke&#39;s Springs, in Luna County, New Mexico. It is located 20 miles northeast of Deming, New Mexico.</p><br>
<h2>Cooke's Spring</h2><br>
<p>Cookes Spring (32.46277&deg; latitude, -107.64863&deg; longitude) was named for Philip St. George Cooke 2nd USA Dragoons the former commander of the Mormon Battalion, that was exploring this area of New Mexico in 1853. It was the only large supply of fresh water between Mesilla and the Mimbres River for wagons heading to California on the Southern Emigrant Trail as well as the later Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach route. The Cookes Spring Station of the Butterfield Overland Mail was located near Cooke&#39;s Spring from 1858 to 1861.</p><br>
<p>Cookes Springs were located at the eastern mouth of the upper part of Cooke%27s Canyon which led to Cookes Pass a narrow gap in the Cookes Range(32.79218&deg; latitude, -107.72129&deg; longitude). Between 1848 and 1861 the pass was a dangerous place for travelers who were often ambushed and killed by the Apache as they passed through it. Following the Bascom Affair things were even worse as the Apache, formerly friendly to the stage company destroyed most of the stations and destroyed many coaches and killed their passengers and for over a decade later hundreds of other travelers. Cooke&#39;s Pass was a favored location for ambushes and it acquired the name Massacre Canyon after incidents like the Battle of Cookes Canyon.</p><br>
<p>The Fort was first established nearby the stage station on October 2, 1863, by Captain Valentine Dresher, Company B, 1st California Infantry, of the California Column. Fort Cummings was established to control the Apache Indians, and to protect the Butterfield - Overland stage route and the southern overland road to California where it passed through Cooke&#39;s Pass.</p><br>
<p>The fort was built up over the next ten years as an adobe walled fort, surrounded by a 10-foot high wall that enclosed a parade ground, corral and several single-story adobe buildings around the wall.</p><br>
<p>The fort was evacuated and entered a caretaker status in 1870 and abandoned in 1873. However it was reoccupied later when Apache under Victorio, launched a campaign against the white American settlers in 1880. It was known as "Camp at Fort Cummings" from 1880 to 1884 and in 1886 during later Apache troubles. Again abandoned it only remains as some eroding adobe walls, and along with the nearby site of the stage station and post graveyard to the south.</p><br>
<h2>Garrisons</h2><br>
<p>Company B, 1st California Infantry Regiment, October 2, 1863 - June, 1864</p><br>
<p>Company I, 5th California Infantry Regiment, June, 1864 - October, 1864</p><br>
<p>Company F, 5th California Infantry Regiment, 1864 - November 1864</p><br>
<p>Company F, 1st California Veteran Infantry Battalion, January 1865 - Disbanded at Fort Cummings, March 16, 1865.</p><br>
<p>Company B, 1st California Veteran Infantry Battalion, April 1865 - August 1866. Scout from Fort Cummings April 28 - May 13, 1865</p><br>
<p>Company D, 125th Infantry Regiment USA Colored Troops, August 12, 1866 - October 2, 1867</p><br>
<p>Company A, 38th Infantry Regiment, October 1867 - June 6, 1868</p><br>
<p>Company F, 38th Infantry Regiment, June 4, 1868 - March 15, 1869</p><br>
<p>24th Infantry Regiment, March 15, 1869 - 1870. Fort evacuated</p><br>
<p>3rd Cavalry Regiment, 1866 - 1870. Detachments assigned to fort</p><br>
<p>Company E, 15th Infantry Regiment, August 1870</p><br>
<p>4th Cavalry Regiment, 1880 - 1882. Periodically used the fort site as a camp during operations against the Apache</p><br>
<p>8th Cavalry Regiment, 1882 - 1886. Periodically used the fort site as a camp during operations against the Apache</p><br>
<p>St Werburgh&#39;s Mount consists of a range of shops at 15 to 27 St Werburgh Street, Chester, Cheshire, England, on the south side of the street facing Chester Cathedral. The range is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as two designated Grade II listed buildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was designed by the local architect John Douglas as shop premises for his client G. Hodgkinson. It had been intended to submit the plans to the Improvement Committee of Chester City Council at the same time as those for St Werburgh Chambers, an adjacent suite of offices for the same client. However the submission was delayed because Douglas was ill, and the shops were built in 1873–74, about a year later than the offices.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<h3>19–27 St Werburgh Street</h3><br>
<p>This consists of a terrace of five shops that directly face the cathedral. They are timber-framed with herring-bone brick nogging and some plaster panels; they are roofed in brown tiles. On the ground floor, all the shops have modern fronts. The upper storeys protrude towards street and are supported by a colonnade of seven timber posts set on sandstone plinths. The easternmost shop, number 19, has three storeys; the others have two.</p><br>
<p>The upper two storeys of number 19 contain an oriel window on a coved apron, which stretches through both storeys. The window in each storey has six lights; in the middle storey it has two transoms, and in the top storey there is one. Between the windows are four panels containing floral pargeting. The jettied gable contains quadrant and herring-bone braces and plaster panels. The bargeboards also contain panels and at the summit of the gable is a terracotta finial. Numbers 21 and 23 are similar to each other and smaller than the shops on each side. In the upper storey of these are six-light casement windows. Their gables have coved jettying and contain pargeting with patterns of leaves and flowers. Numbers 25 and 27 again are similar to each other. They both have six-light oriel windows above coved jettying. Above each window is a gable similar to that at number 19.</p><br>
<h3>15 and 17 St Werburgh Street</h3><br>
<p>These shops stand to the east of the above range and are attached to them. They are sited on the corner where the street curves round to the south. The building has a triangular plan and two storeys. The ground floor is constructed in brick with stone dressings and the upper storey is timber-framed. Number 15 has a modern shop front in the lower storey, and a six-light mullioned and transomed casement window above. Beneath and to the sides of the windows are square panels. Over the window is a hipped roof with a gable containing pargeting. In the ground floor of number 17 is a doorway over which is a stone lintel inscribed with the date 1874. The upper storey has two small windows and square panels. Its hipped roof sweeps up to that of number 19.</p><br>
<p>The Dickson Tavern, or the Perry Memorial House, is the oldest building in the city of Erie in the USA state of Pennsylvania. Located at the corner of 2nd and French Streets in downtown Erie, the structure was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. The three-story, Federal and Greek Revival-style building was constructed in 1815 by William Himrod and owned by John Dickson. It was acquired by the city of Erie in 1924. The Dickson Tavern was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey  in 1936.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Dickson Tavern is a three-story building on the corner of 2nd and French Streets, across the street from the UPMC Hamot medical center. The northern, original section the building is characterized by a Federal architectural style with its evenly spaced windows. The southern, Greek Revival portion of tavern was constructed as part of an addition and lacks the symmetry of the original building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>John Dickson, a Baltimore native, arrived in Erie in 1808. During the War of 1812, Dickson became a prisoner-of-war. After the war, Dickson opened a hotel on French Street between 3rd and 4th Streets. He bought a plot of land on the corner of 2nd and French Streets where, a year later, William Himrod built a tavern. The tavern itself was named by Dickson the "Exchange Coffee House" to appeal to the higher class. Dickson was known for hosting outdoor banquets during the summer months. One such banquet, on June 9, 1825, was attended by the Marquis de Lafayette, who visited Erie on his return to the United States. Dickson moved to Meadville, Pennsylvania in 1829 and opened another establishment. He moved, again, to Pittsburgh two years later and sold the tavern in Erie for $1,800.</p><br>
<p>The tavern continued to be used as an eating establishment by various owners, until it was sold 1841. In 1841, an addition was made to the building and it was used as a residence until 1924. It was then acquired by the city and faced demolition. It was often alleged that the tunnels under the Dickson Tavern were part of the Underground Railroad, but the claims have since been disputed. The building&#39;s interior was modified from 1928 to 1963 for use as a museum and became known as the Perry Memorial House. The museum was closed in 2004 and Dickson has since remained vacant. In November 2009, Kidder Wachter Architecture & Design bought the tavern and renovated the building for use as its office.</p><br>
<p>The Sacramento Wash is a major drainage of northwest Arizona in Mohave County. The wash is east of the Black Canyon of the Colorado and drains into the south-flowing Colorado River 45 mi south of Lake Mohave, and 90 mi south of Hoover Dam at Lake Mead. The wash outfall is in the center-south of the Havasu-Mohave Lakes Watershed. An equivalent wash drains to the west of the Colorado River and the Black Canyon, draining southeast Nevada and a small part of California, the Piute Wash of the Piute Valley. The Piute Wash outfall is upstream of the Sacramento&#39;s outfall by about 15 mi.</p><br>
<p>Both Piute and Sacramento Washes are ephemeral desert washes which may only have standing water in mountainous canyon tributaries, or in periods of extensive rainfall and cooler weather. Much of the water is also simply infiltrated into groundwater basins.</p><br>
<p>Only one tributary to Sacramento Wash is an intermittent stream, Sawmill Canyon in the northeast region of the Sacramento Valley.</p><br>
<p>The wash drains the Sacramento Valley, and the valley is bordered on the west by the Black Mountains (Arizona), and Interstate 40 in Arizona traverses south from Kingman and goes west around the south end of the mountains, a section called the Black Mesa (western Arizona). I-40 joins the central section of the wash proper at Yucca, Arizona and the interstate follows the valley and wash west to meet the Colorado River at Needles.</p><br>
<p>The drainage to the north of the Havasu-Mohave Lakes Watershed with the Sacramento Wash Drainage is the Lake Mead Watershed. The Detrital Valley bordering Sacramento Valley and Wash north and northwest of Kingman, is part of the southeast region of Lake Mead.</p><br>
<h2>Topock Marsh</h2><br>
<p>The confluence of the Sacramento Wash with the Colorado, occurs at the Topock Marsh in its southeast. The Topock Marsh has two interconnected sections, and the marsh is east of the main course of the Colorado River. It is a noted region for ecology, including birdwatching. The river section containing the marsh is the Havasu National Wildlife Refuge, about 25 mi long.</p><br>
<h2>Northwest Arizona, Bill Williams River</h2><br>
<p>The entirety of northwest Arizona is drained as a single region flowing into regions of the Colorado River and Lake Mead&#39;s southeast quarter. The Sacramento Wash Watershed is bordered, and enclosed on the southeast and south by the Bill Williams River and its northern tributary, the Big Sandy River which drains the areas east of the Sacramento Valley. The Bill Williams flows due west to its confluence with the Colorado, as does the Sacramento Wash flows west. The Bill Williams is also a delimiting line separating the Mojave Desert to the north and northwest, and the Sonoran Desert south and southeast. The Colorado Desert is southwest, and is called a northwest extension of the Sonoran.</p><br>
<p>Tromøya or Tromøy  is the largest island in Southern Norway. The 28.6 km&sup2; island is entirely located in the municipality of Arendal in Aust-Agder county, Norway. The island has about 5,300 residents  which gives it a population density of about 185 PD/km2. The island is located directly across the harbor from the town of Arendal. The highest point on the island is the 95 m tall Vardåsen. The island is separated from the mainland to the north by the Tromøysundet strait and it is separated from the island of Hisøya to the southwest by the Galtesundet strait.</p><br>
<p>The 400 m long Tromøy Bridge (Tromøybroa) is the suspension bridge that has been the only road connection to the mainland since it was completed in 1961. There is also a passenger ferry that takes six minutes to transport riders from Skilsø to the town of Arendal. The company Aker Pusnes is located in Pusnes. It is a designer and supplier of all types of deck machinery and mooring systems for marine and offshore applications.</p><br>
<p>Historically, the island belonged to the municipality of Østre Moland until 1878. From 1878 until 1992, the island was part of the municipality of Tromøy. Since 1992, the island has been a part of the municipality of Arendal.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The name of the island (originally the parish) historically was Tromø, but more recently it has been spelled Tromøy or Tromøya. These names come from the Old Norse word Þruma which means "rim", "edge", or "border". The suffix -ø, øy, or -øya all mean "island".</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Viking era</h3><br>
<p>Tromøya is known for having once hosted many Viking kings. According to the Ynglinga saga, Harald Granraude, the King of Agder, had his headquarters on Tromøya. It also says that his daughter, Queen Åsa Haraldsdatter, took her one-year-old son, Halfdan Svarte back to Tromøya after the death of Gudrød Veidekonge. There are several place names on Tromøya derived from the Viking era including Kongshamn and Hove.</p><br>
<h3>Hove Farm</h3><br>
<p>Hove is an area located on the southwestern part of Tromøya which has easily cultivated due to its self-draining soil and it was therefore a convenient place for early agriculture. The first recorded cultivation of potatoes in Norway is believed of have occurred at the Hove farm (Hove gård) which was one of the most significant estates on Tromøya. In 1757, the owner, Nils Mathiasen Aalholm, observed in his garden diary (Nils Aalholms hagedagbok) that potatoes were being cultivated on his farm.</p><br>
<h3>World War II</h3><br>
<p>During the Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany (1940-1945), the Germans had an anti-aircraft school on Tromøya called the Feld Flakartillerie-schule 50. This school operated from 1941-1944 at a camp built on the Hove farm. The camp was built for 1,500 men. There were three radars on the island and supposedly four 88 mm anti-aircraft cannons. Construction of a 200 m airstrip was begun, but never finished. Most of the camp&#39;s buildings, including the partially-completed airstrip, are still there today, along with a bunker with an unknown purpose. The bunker is currently undergoing restorations (in 2007) but work has been halted due to an ownership dispute. The German military used 75 buildings in the area, most of them built during the war.</p><br>
<h2>Attractions</h2><br>
<h3>Tromøy Church</h3><br>
<p>Tromøy Church is the main church for all of the Tromøy parish in Arendal. The church is a medieval stone church from 1150. The foundation walls are 1.5 m thick. It was converted into a cruciform church in 1748. The church has a restored brick Romanesque portal with two grotesque face masks on the wall on each side of the portal. The church was painted during the 1750s and decorated in rococo style.</p><br>
<p>A 1750s-era model of Dronningen av Danmark, a frigate based in Copenhagen, hangs from the ceiling of the church&#39;s nave. The baptismal font made of soapstone dates from the medieval period. The altarpiece and pulpit are from 1725.</p><br>
<h3>Businesses</h3><br>
<p>The Arendal Herregaard Hotell was built in 1930 and it is one of the oldest hotels in the region. It stands about 250 m from Spornes beach. There are also two camps on the island: Hove Leirsenter (Hove Camp) and the Hove Familie Camping (Hove Family Camping).</p><br>
<h3>Hove Festival</h3><br>
<p>From 2007 until 2014, the Hove Festival was Norway&#39;s largest festival venue, with a capacity of 20,000 people. Headliners for the first year included the American bands Slayer, The Killers, Queens of the Stone Age, and My Chemical Romance. In the fall of 2014, Festival Republic announced that Hove Festival would not return.</p><br>
<h2>Media gallery</h2><br>
<p>Arendal Tromøy Spornes b.JPGSpornes headland on Tromøy</p><br>
<p>Arendal Færvik kirke.JPGFærvik Church</p><br>
<p>Krk-faervig.jpgFærvik church</p><br>
<p>Arendal_Galtesund_z.JPGLighthouse</p><br>
<p>Hoveskogen.JPGHove Forest</p><br>
<p>Tre i Hoveskogen.JPGTrees in Hove Forest</p><br>
<p>Tromøybro1.jpgTromøy Bridge</p><br>
<p>Tromøybro3.jpgTromøy bridge</p><br>
<p>Lake Marmara  is a lake in Manisa Province, western Turkey, bordered by the district areas of Gölmarmara to the northwest, whose name itself is inspired by the lake, and in larger part by Salihli.</p><br>
<p>Lake Marmara is located in the alluvial valley of Gediz River and at 79 m, is slightly lower than the surrounding plains of the river (91 m for the nearby Gölmarmara town center).</p><br>
<p>Aside from being a recreational center for the province as a whole, Lake Marmara also an important source for fishing and agricultural irrigation and an Important Bird Area.</p><br>
<p>In the early stages of Anatolian history, the lake was famous as a resort center for the Lydians, at a short distance from their capital, and was called under various names throughout history, the most notable being "Lake Gyges" or "Gygaean Lake" and "Lake Coloe" or "Lake Koloe."</p><br>
<h2>Footnotes</h2><br>
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<p>The Vintners Parrot  is a pub in the centre of the town and borough of Worthing, one of seven local government districts in the English county of West Sussex. Although established as a public house only in the late 20th century, it occupies two early 19th-century listed buildings of completely different character in the oldest part of the town: a Greek Revival-style former wine merchants premises, and a Neoclassical chapel built for Wesleyan Methodists in 1839. The main part of the pub is in the wine merchants building facing Warwick Street, while the old chapel , facing Bedford Row, serves as its function room. Both buildings have been designated separately as Grade II Listed Buildings.</p><br>
<h2>Roberts and Son Wine Merchants, 10–12 Warwick Street</h2><br>
<h3>History</h3><br>
<p>The Roberts family entered the wine trade five years after Worthing was granted the status of a town in 1803—a development which encouraged rapid residential and commercial growth. In 1808, they established their business in a newly built yellow-brick building on the south side of Warwick Street, part of Worthings old village street and one of the first roads to develop in the towns early years. The premises may have been built by John Rebecca, architect of many of Worthing&#39;s early buildings.</p><br>
<p>The business thrived, and a beer and wine shop (similar to a present-day public house or wine bar) were added. This was called the Vintners Arms, but it was usually known as the Thieves Kitchen locally—a humorous reference to its popularity with local tradesmen. In the 1830s, the premises were rebuilt in the Greek Revival style, again using the pale brickwork</p><br>
<p>The Roberts family opened another wine bar and restaurant in the town in 1950, and ran it for 36 years. They owned and ran the Vintners Arms as a pub and wine bar until 1977, when they sold it to St George&#39;s Taverns Ltd, a pub chain.</p><br>
<p>The building was designated a Grade II Listed building on 21 May 1976.</p><br>
<h3>Architecture</h3><br>
<p>The building presents its main façade to Warwick Street, but it also wraps around the street corner to form the top of Bedford Row, The Warwick Street elevation has five bays in two discrete parts: the eastern section (on the corner of Bedford Row) rises to four storeys and spans three bays, while the two western bays (on the corner of Marine Place) have two storeys and stand slightly forward and separate. Between the modern frontages on the ground floor and the yellowish brick walls, there is a cornice.</p><br>
<p>The windows, most of which are sashes, have various embellishments. Three sash windows on the first floor of the Bedford Row façade have iron balconies with anthemion ornamentation. Most are multi-pane windows with muntins (glazing bars), and those on the first floor have flat hood moulds. There is a larger window on the west corner, topped with a pediment.</p><br>
<h2>Bedford Hall</h2><br>
<h3>History</h3><br>
<p>Bedford Hall has a complex history with multiple uses. In 1820, the Brighton Circuit of Wesleyan Methodists extended its reach to Worthing: meetings were held in a private house. The Hide family (some members took the surname Hyde) was at the centre of Worthings architectural, building and surveying industry for 150 years from 1803, when Edward and John Hide went into partnership. Edwards son Charles designed Montague Hall and Worthing&#39;s original town hall as well as the chapel.</p><br>
<p>Hide&#39;s building, in the Neoclassical style, was finished in 1840, and the congregation moved in. Additions were made in 1847 (when a first-floor gallery was built) and 1861, when a school was built on adjacent land. The congregation moved again in June 1900 After its closure, the name Bedford Hall was adopted and it became a meeting room and auction house. It was later occupied by the expanded Vintners Parrot pub, which turned it into a function room.</p><br>
<p>Bedford Hall was also listed at Grade II by English Heritage on 21 May 1976.</p><br>
<h3>Architecture</h3><br>
<p>Hide&#39;s building is a stuccoed Neoclassical edifice with distinctive Egyptian-style tapering windows. The façade is dominated by the three windows, all wider at the bottom than the top; the left and right windows are longer and have flat architrave-style hood moulds above them, while the centre window (topped with a small pediment) terminates above the door, although the framed surround is carried down to ground level around it. The door therefore tapers from bottom to top as well. Above the windows is a cornice topped by a shallow pediment with a round window.</p><br>
<p>The Princess Margaret Rose Cave is a limestone cave located in Lower Glenelg National Park in Victoria, Australia. The cave features actively growing stalactites, stalagmites and helictites. It is arguably the most decorated cave per square metre in Australia. It is named after Princess Margaret.</p><br>
<p>The cave was discovered in 1936 by S. McEachern, J. "Bunny" Hutchesson and the latter&#39;s son Alan. They developed the cave as a tourist attraction, with Bunny Hutchesson acting as the first permanent guide, conducting tours from 1941. The cave has been part of Lower Glenelg National Park since 1980. Guided tours of the cave are conducted on most days, lasting about half an hour.</p><br>
<p>The caves are formed in poorly consolidated Tertiary limestone laid down in a shallow sea in the Oligocene and early Miocene geological epochs, between about 35 and 15 million years ago.</p><br>
<p>Church of St. John in the Wilderness is a historic Episcopal church in Copake Falls, Columbia County, New York. The church, its furnishing, and the parsonage were designed by noted ecclesiastical architect Richard Upjohn . It was built in 1851 and is a one story wood frame building clad with board and batten siding in the Gothic Revival style. It features an open frame bell cote topped by a steep gable roof. Also on the property are a contributing parsonage  and two cemeteries .</p><br>
<p>Worship is progressive Christian, following the Book of Common Prayer and the The Hymnal 1982. Sunday School is provided for the children and a choir sings at the principal service. Under the leadership of the Rev. John Thompson, The Church of St. John in the Wilderness has become a cultural center for Copake Falls, hosting stage plays, chamber music (Winds in the Wilderness), and Jazz Vespers. Each year, the church sponsors the Country Fair and Auction in July, Harvest Fest in October, and participates in Copake Falls Day in August.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. It is located within the Copake Iron Works Historic District, established in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The German Reformed Sanctity Church Parsonage, also known as the First Reformed Church Parsonage, is located on Maple Avenue in Germantown, New York, United States. It is a wood, brick and stone building dating to the mid-18th century, the oldest building in the town of Germantown. In 1976 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>At the time of its construction the area, known as East Camp, supported a thriving Palatine German population. The residents were either refugees who had fled to England during the War of the Spanish Succession and been resettled in the Hudson Valley as part of a failed scheme to produce naval stores in the Hudson Valley, or their descendants; many later generations in turn moved on to other areas. The church had been established shortly after the first Palatines arrived; the parsonage was built in the 1740s. Two decades later it was expanded to its current size.</p><br>
<p>The church sold the house in the early 19th century; its pastors continued to live there for another quarter-century. Throughout most of the later 19th and 20th centuries it housed different local families, primarily African American. By the 1940s it required extensive renovations that added modern amenities.</p><br>
<p>Today it is the property of the town of Germantown. It houses the town&#39;s history department. An archaeological dig in the vicinity by a professor at nearby Bard College has yielded many artifacts, some of which are on display inside.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The parsonage sits on a 1.3 acre lot on the north side of Maple Avenue, roughly a thousand feet (300 m) east of New York State Route 9G, on the northern edge of the developed areas of central Germantown. Its neighborhood is rural in character, with two farms to the west on either side of Maple and houses on similarly-sized lots to the east. On the north is a large woodlot; a smaller one to the south buffers the baseball diamonds and fields of nearby Palatine Park. The terrain slopes gently westward to the Hudson River, a half-mile (800 m) in that direction.</p><br>
<p>In front of the building is a low stone wall, a memorial to the early settlers and a modern interpretive plaque. The parsonage itself is a one-and-a-half-story five-by-three-bay structure in two sections, one fieldstone, the other wooden with a side-gabled roof. Brick chimneys pierce the roof at either end. It is built into a slope that exposes the basement on the east side.</p><br>
<p>The walls of the eastern section are three feet (1 m) thick; consisting of stone blocks faced with stucco and bound by hair and lime mortar in an interior and exterior section with dead air space in between and painted on the outside. On the west the structural system consists of wood frame filled with bricks and faced in asbestos shingles.</p><br>
<p>Window treatments depend on the location. On the exposed portion of the basement, the two windows are eight-over-eight in plain surrounds. Above, on the first story, they are 12-over-12 in recessed surrounds topped by a slight decorative recessed arch over the lintel. The east section is set with two six-over-six modern storm windows in plain surrounds. A small single-pane casement window is located just below the roofline between the center bay and the first one to its west.</p><br>
<p>On the sides, the building is blind on its basement and first story. The rear has one door leading to the kitchen and another to the cellar. Above a cornice at the south elevation&#39;s roofline, the east gable field is faced in wood, with two one-over-one double-hung sash. The steeply pitched roof has slight overhanging eaves and is covered in slate shingles.</p><br>
<p>The main entrance consists of a modern two-paned glass door in front of an older wooden door with recessed panels on its bottom portion below a 12-light top section. It opens into the central hallway, with two rooms to the east and one to the west. Flooring throughout the house is original wide planks of pine; original pine woodwork remains in many rooms as well. The only exception is the cellar, with its original pressed clay floor. It also has a large fireplace with an oven. Upstairs, the garret is divided into three small rooms separated by a central hall.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Displaced by the War of the Spanish Succession, refugees from Germany made their way to England in great numbers during 1709. They came to be known as Palatines even though not all of them were from the Palatinate region in the middle Rhine Valley. At a loss for how to handle them, the British government embraced a plan to resettle them in the upper Hudson Valley, where in return for their passage across the Atlantic they would collect pitch pine tar for the Royal Navy, replacing naval stores previously sourced from the Baltic areas. Their presence on land colonial governor Robert Hunter had purchased for the crown from landowner Robert Livingston the Elder, one tract on the present site of Germantown, would also shore up the northern frontier of the Province of New York from the threat posed by the French to the north.</p><br>
<p>Within two years of the Palatines 1710 arrival, the naval stores venture had failed due to lack of support in Parliament and the settlers unwillingness to see themselves as government employees. Afterwards, some left for other areas of New York, going either south to today&#39;s Rhinebeck or northwest to the Mohawk Valley. Finding the terrain similar to that they had left behind in Germany, the 63 Palatine families in the "East Camp" area established farms, and by 1726 those lands were officially transferred to them by letters patent.</p><br>
<p>The German Reformed Sanctity Church was established by the Palatines soon after they settled in East Camp. By the 1720s a church (no longer extant) had been built roughly two blocks west of the parsonage site. Land records show the church owned the parsonage land as early as 1741. While some sources suggest the parsonage had been built by 1743, it had likely been built by 1746, when Casper Ludwig Schnoor was hired as the church&#39;s first resident pastor.</p><br>
<p>At that time the building consisted solely of its current western section. The entrance was originally what is now the west window of the cellar on the south elevation. As a whole the structure is architecturally similar to other edifices built by the Palatines in the Germantown area as well as in other areas settled by Germans around the same time, such as the Rondout Creek valley near New Paltz and, outside of New York, some areas of Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>Schnoor was replaced by Johannes Casparus Rubel in 1751. He remained there longer than his predecessor, at least through 1767 when the parsonage was expanded with the construction of the eastern wing. In 1805 the church sold the building to a woman named Maria Delamater.</p><br>
<p>Van Orden lived in the house for another two decades. After him it passed through a number of local families, primarily African Americans whom local lore has it were once slaves in the area, bought it. By that time, 200 years after its construction, the house had severely deteriorated. lived there for several generations. In 1944 the Ekert family, then of Long Island, bought it. By that time, 200 years after its construction, the house had severely deteriorated.</p><br>
<p>The ensuing restoration efforts were extensive, aimed primarily at repairing the buildings structural system. New framing members were cut from local oak to replace the existing ones in the west section, reinforced by concealed steel girders above the windows. Rotten floor joists were likewise capped with steel. The chimneys were repaired and the cellar door on the south facade converted into a window (supposedly for security reasons). On the inside, the kitchen was modernized and the house wired for electricity. Modern plumbing and heating systems were also added, in a way that detracted from the houses historic appearance as little as possible.</p><br>
<p>In 1990 the Ekerts left the house to the town. It has used it as headquarters for its historian. In the late 2000s Christopher Lindner, an archaeologist at Bard College in nearby Annandale, concentrating on Hudson Valley sites, began leading digs in the vicinity of the parsonage. These have yielded pottery fragments such as china dating to the early years of the parsonage, suggesting that the pastors of that era lived like wealthy members of society. Some of them have been placed on exhibit in the house, which is open to visitors on Saturdays. There is also evidence suggesting a former second structure in the yard to the west.</p><br>
<p>St. John&#39;s Evangelical Lutheran Church is a historic Evangelical Lutheran church at 923 NY 19 in Livingston, Columbia County, New York. It was built in 1901-1902 and is a brick building with a medium pitched gable roof, deep bracketed cornice, and semi-engaged tower in the center bay of the front facade in the Late Gothic Revival style church. It is a one-story building constructed of red pressed brick and wood frame, a high basement level, a high pitched gable roof, and two prominent towers of different heights. The front gable features a three part pointed arch window. The adjacent cemetery contains approximately 2,200 burials dating from 1821 to the present.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Church of St. Dismas, the Good Thief is a historic Roman Catholic church at the Clinton Correctional Facility on Cook Street in Dannemora, New York.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>St. Dismas Church was built between 1939 and 1941 and is a large Neogothic inspired stone chapel. It was constructed of fieldstones salvaged from several 19th century stone structures already on the site, including the prison&#39;s first cell block. The rectangular building measures 52 ft by 132 ft. It features a steeply pitched, slate-clad gable roof and two massive oak entrance doors with Medieval inspired metal strapwork. A 106 ft, engaged tower with corner buttresses and an octagonal spire is located at the rear corner.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>19–21 Sankey Street is a shop in Warrington, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas and was one of his earliest works. It was constructed in 1864 as the showrooms for the furniture makers Robert Garnett and Sons, whose factory was directly behind the shop. The original shop front has been replaced by one of more modern design. In 1999 the building was occupied by a Woolworth&#39;s shop.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<h3>Structure</h3><br>
<p>The building has three storeys and is in Gothic Revival style. The top storey has four two-light windows, similar to those in the middle storey, but simpler in design. Between the two storeys is a carved frieze. Along the top of the frontage is an elaborate corbelled cornice.</p><br>
<h3>Critique</h3><br>
<p>Douglas biographer, Edward Hubbard, was of the opinion that the design of the building was influenced by the writings of John Ruskin and George Gilbert Scott, particularly in the use of polychromy. He considered that it was "in its way one of the best thing he ever did, and it would be difficult to better it as an example of mid-Victorian street architecture". The authors of the Buildings of England series state that it has "a High Victorian Gothic façade of the most refined kind", and consider that it is one of Douglas "very best works".</p><br>
<p>Warburton School is on the south side of Dunham Road in the village of Warburton, Greater Manchester, England. It has been converted into a house and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<p>The school was built in 1871–72 for the landowner Rowland Egerton-Warburton of Arley Hall, and was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas. It is constructed in brick with stone and terracotta dressings, and has a tiled roof. The building has three bays; from the left, the first two bays contain seven-light mullioned windows. Above the window in the central bay is a dormer gable that contains a three-light mullioned window. The right bay contains a modern patio window. Between the left and central bays is a decorated brick chimney stack. Above the main roof is a hipped bellcote. In the interior of the building are two pairs of truncated crucks supporting the roof.</p><br>
<p>Bunbury Aldersey School is a Church of England primary school in School Lane, Bunbury, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The school was built in 1874 and designed by the Chester architect John Douglas. It was built as a grammar school to replace a school nearer to Bunbury Church, which had been founded in 1594 by Thomas Aldersey. It later became a primary school.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The school is constructed in red brick on a sandstone plinth and has a slate roof. Its style is Gothic Revival, and it is built in one storey with five bays. The entrance bay projects forwards and its opening has a Tudor arch, over which is the date 1874 and shields containing inscriptions. Above this is a gable with a finial. On the roof are lucarnes and an octagonal slate turret.</p><br>
<p>Utica Public Library is a historic library building located in Utica in Oneida County, New York. It is a rectangular five story Neoclassical style structure, constructed of New Haven brick on a limestone foundation. It features a central pedimented pavilion with Corinthian order columns. It was designed in 1903 by Arthur C. Jackson of Carrère and Hastings.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Originally the Utica Public Library sat at the Broad Street offices of Attorney Justus Rathbone in 1825. In 1842 the library had 1,700 volumes. It then reached 4,000 volumes in 1865. In 1904 more than 25,000 books from Elizabeth Street were transferred to the library. In February 2004, the computer room was opened.</p><br>
<p>Trinity Parish Church is an historic church located in the First Hill neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, that was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. It is an Episcopal congregation in the Diocese of Olympia.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Trinity Parish Church, Seattles first Episcopal church, was established on August 13, 1865. The congregations first church building, which was located at Third Avenue and Jefferson Street, was not erected until 1870. This wooden building was consumed in the Great Fire of 1889. The church then moved to its present site, at 609 Eighth Avenue, where a replacement building was constructed, opening in 1892. It was designed by Chicago-based architect Henry F. Starbuck in English Gothic Revival style, and its construction was overseen by Charles A. Alexander. In 1902, a fire swept through the interior, leaving only the exterior walls. Seattle architect John Graham, Sr. was hired to rebuild the church as well as increase its size. Despite the additions, Graham maintained the English Gothic Revival style while adding German stained glass windows and an altar of Italian marble.</p><br>
<p>The stained glass windows were designed by the Franz Mayer & Co. of Munich, Germany. The Carrara marble altar was designed and fabricated in Italy with mother of pearl, ceramic tile and Venetian gold glass.</p><br>
<p>The Rev. Jeffrey Shilling Gill is the current rector of Trinity Parish Church. Trinity is a parish in the Episcopal Diocese of Olympia, known as the Episcopal Church in Western Washington, a diocese of the Episcopal Church in Washington state west of the Cascade Range.</p><br>
<p>The church building was designated a Seattle Landmark in 1976 and has also received state landmark status. It was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places, in 1991.</p><br>
<p>The building was severely damaged in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake, but the altar, reredos and windows all survived fully intact. It was rebuilt, restored and earthquake-retrofitted. This work was completed in late 2005. Architects for this project were Bassetti Architects.</p><br>
<p>Upperville Meeting House is a historic Friends meeting house on New York State Route 80 in Upperville, Chenango County, New York. It was built in 1896 and is a one story rectangular wood frame building on a dressed stone foundation. It is built into a hillside.</p><br>
<p>Herbert Dixon, a congregational layman, had held Sabbath School for around 40 years in the school house at Upperville, and by his untiring efforts succeeded in raising funds toward building a chapel in Upperville. At last he bought the property and deeded it to the Friends on the condition that they hold services there for ten years. Walter Whitney of the Methodist Church in Smyrna conducted services there from 1935-37. Eventually the congregation became so small that services were no longer held. In 1965 the Society voted to sell the building and it was bought by Mrs. John A. Leavitt of Glastonbury, Connecticut, whose daughter, Mrs. Robert Anderson, was a resident of Smyrna.</p><br>
<p>The meeting house became unused and passed though several private hands. It was purchased by Terrance Lindall in the mid-1980s and became the Greenwood Museum. Lindall purchased the rectory next to it and the house opposite intending to create a cultural and recreational facility. Exhibits included objects from a Gothic chapel, quilts of Margit Echols, and French Empire furnishing. Events included wreath making and chess tournaments. He released the property to the Quakers in Hamilton, New York so it could once more be used for its intended purpose.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>White Store Church and Evergreen Cemetery is a national historic district containing a historic meetinghouse and cemetery at the junction of New York State Route 8 and White Store Road, 4 miles south of South New Berlin in Norwich, Chenango County, New York. The district includes two contributing buildings, one contributing site, and seven contributing structures. The property consists of the cemetery established in 1805 and a Federal style frame church completed in 1820. Also on the property is a small maintenance shed and privy. The church is a simple, two story frame structure with a gable roof, measuring 40 feet wide and 46 feet deep. The cemetery contains approximately 400 burials, with the earliest stones dated to 1795.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>Riverdale Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at 4761-4765 Henry Hudson Parkway in the Riverdale neighborhood of the Bronx, New York City. It was designed in 1863 by noted architect James Renwick, Jr. The church is a fieldstone building in an English-inspired Late Gothic Revival style. It was substantially enlarged in 1936.</p><br>
<p>The complex also includes a stone manse, the Duff House, also designed by Renwick, and a Stick Style cottage, called the Duff or Gardener&#39;s Cottage, built in 1875. In his original design for the Duff House, Renwick combined a mansard roof with gables and dormers in the Gothic Revival style.</p><br>
<p>The complex was designated a New York City landmark in 1966, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>The congregation established the Edgehill Church at Spuyten Duyvil in 1869 as a chapel; it is now an independent church.</p><br>
<p>Newtonville United Methodist Church is a historic United Methodist church located on Loudon Road at Maxwell Road in Newtonville, Albany County, New York.</p><br>
<p>There has been a Methodist congregation meeting at the present site of the church since 1828. Three area congregations merged to the Newtonville location in 1858, and the church was called Asbury Chapel. When the building then in use exceeded its physical limitations, the current building was constructed. This new structure, built for a cost of $11,150.00 and paid for in 3 years, was called "Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church." The congregation was incorporated as the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Newtonville in 1916.</p><br>
<p>The current late Gothic Revival structure was built in 1893, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. In the late 1940s the men of the church dug, by hand, a cellar to create space for a fellowship hall under the sanctuary. An education structure was added to the rear of the main sanctuary building in 1959. A sextons cottage, also dating to the late 19th century, sits next to the church building. The former parsonage on the site was removed in the early 1960s, and the churchs carriage sheds were destroyed by fire.</p><br>
<p>St. Nicholas Ukrainian Catholic Church, also known as St. Nicholas Greek Catholic Church, is a historic Ukrainian Catholic church in Watervliet, New York. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1897, a frame meetinghouse became the First Ukrainian Catholic Church in South Troy. However, an increasing Ukrainian population in the area soon required a larger facility for the parish. A certificate of incorporation was filed in January 1900 for St. Nicholas Greek Catholic Church and plans were begun on a new building. The church would serve Watervliet, Cohoes, and South Troy, with Watervliet chosen as the site because of its central location.</p><br>
<p>A campaign begun in 1905 raised over $4,500 for the project. In February 1906 a lot and building at 4th Avenue and 24th Street were purchased for $1,650; the existing structure was demolished. The new church was designed by Bernhardt Noack. Construction is thought to have begun in late 1906, and in May 1907 the cornerstone was laid and the buildings walls were well underway. By late 1907, the projects funds were exhausted and the Cohoes and South Troy parish members withdrew their support. Economic distress from the Panic of 1907 led the remaining Watervliet supporters to seek help from Thomas Burke, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Albany. The church was able to get a $20,000 loan and was incorporated into the Albany Diocese. Construction on the church was completed in early 1908.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1940s, the interior was re-plastered and new religious iconography painted; the original slate roof was replaced with copper. Further work through the 1950s and 60s included basement modernization, the removal of the center dome, and the replacement of trim and the main steps.</p><br>
<p>The church was nominated for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places under Criterion C for its local architectural significance. The nomination form describes it as the "preeminent architectural statement" of the Ukrainian Catholic community in Watervliet. The church was listed on the National Register on April 15, 2004.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and setting</h2><br>
<p>The building is large, one-story building with a raised basement. The facade consists of buff-colored brick arranged in common bond with limestone trim. The building&#39;s distinctive Eastern European appearance comes primarily from its onion-domed towers and round-arched windows.</p><br>
<p>The church is situated in a residential area. The adjacent parish house fronts 4th Avenue to the north of the church and is similarly set back from the road. Because the parish house has been heavily altered from its original condition, it was deemed to not contribute to the church property&#39;s significance.</p><br>
<p>The Black Horse Tavern  is a large stone residence at the Pennsylvania Route 116 intersection with a north-south road at Marsh Creek. The tavern was used as for approximately 65 years before 1909, the mill tract rented by was used as a Battle of Gettysburg field hospital.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1812 along the 1791 Nichols Gap Road ( Fairfield and Gettysburg Turnpike), " purchased the farm and tavern in 1843." During the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg the intersection was a maneuver point for Confederate artillery (the Hagerstown Road forded Marsh Creek). A stone arch roadway bridge was subsequently built at the tavern and in 1927, the highway near the structure was rerouted from over Breams Hill to an excavation of the new Fairfield Road with a new bridge at "Plank&#39;s".</p><br>
<p>The Asbestos Mountains is a range of hills in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, stretching south-southwest from Kuruman, where the range is known as the Kuruman Hills, to Prieska. The range lies about 150 km west of Kimberley and rises from the Ghaap Plateau.</p><br>
<p>The mountains were named for the asbestos which was mined in the 20th century and is found as a variety of amphibole called crocidolite. Veins occur in slaty rocks, and are associated with jaspers and quartzites rich in magnetite and brown iron-ore. Geologically it belongs to the Griquatown series.</p><br>
<p>The Griquas, for whom Griquatown was named, were a Khoikhoi people who in 1800 were led by a freed slave, Adam Kok, from Piketberg in the western Cape to the foothills of the Asbestos Mountains where they settled at a place called Klaarwater. John Campbell, (1766–1840), a Scottish missionary in South Africa, renamed it Griquatown in 1813. The mission station became a staging post for expeditions to the interior - here David Livingstone met his future wife, Mary Moffat, daughter of the missionary Robert Moffat - William Burchell visited here in 1811.</p><br>
<p>John Campbell described the mountains in his book "Travels in South Africa: Undertaken at the request of the Missionary Society":</p><br>
<p>The colour variants which Campbell found, are named, because of their chatoyance, "Tigers Eye", "Hawks Eye", and "Cat&#39;s Eye" by lapidaries and are silicified crocidolite.</p><br>
<p>Wonderwerk Cave is located in the range near Kuruman and was occupied by man during the Later Stone Age, while much earlier manuports, introduced by hominins in the terminal Acheulean, have been found at the back of the cave.</p><br>
<h2>Mining history</h2><br>
<p>Serious mining of crocidolite in these mountains started in 1893 when open-cast quarrying produced 100 tons of material. By 1918 underground mining had started and scattered mines were to be found from Prieska to Kuruman along the length of the range, and mills were constructed at both of these towns. Between 1950 and 1960 production had risen to 100,000 tons, each mine was doing its own milling and the tailings dumps had grown in size.</p><br>
<h2>Health hazards</h2><br>
<p>At the time of Campbell&#39;s writing the health hazards of asbestos were unknown. Tens of thousands of mineworkers were exposed to the fibres at their workplaces, and when winds blew across the wastedumps, at their homes. By the mid-1950s the medical profession were still diagnosing asbestosis as "metastatic carcinomas from an unknown primary site". The resulting increase in cases of asbestosis and mesothelioma became alarming. Records later revealed that pleural endothelioma had first been reported in 1917, but had also been considered as metastatic.</p><br>
<p>Substitutes for asbestos now include ceramic, carbon, metallic and Aramid fibers, such as Twaron or Kevlar.</p><br>
<p>David Goldblatt from the University of the Witwatersrand wrote:</p><br>
<p>A similar situation had arisen in the 1920s in the United States with the careless handling of radium and the ensuing scandal of the Radium Girls.</p><br>
<p>The Green Mountains, for which Vermont was named, were produced by the same geologic processes that produced the Asbestos Mountains - they produced an abundance of serpentine, which is the source of chrysotile asbestos.</p><br>
<p>The Rome Arsenal was a 3 acre fortification complex near Rome, New York. It was built in 1813, and used until 1873.</p><br>
<p>Rome Arsenal included barracks, arsenal, magazine, workshops, and other buildings, built to support American forces waging the War of 1812. Major James Dalleba of Ordnance Department of United States Army supervised constriction (not construction) of Rome Arsenal.</p><br>
<p>Arsenal House, also known as Commandant&#39;s House, is a historic home located at Rome in Oneida County, New York. It is a -story, brick structure on a stone foundation, 30 by, in the Federal style. At a later date, 1-story wings were added plus front and rear porches. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>Fountain Elms is a historic home located at Utica in Oneida County, New York. It is part of the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute. The original block was completed in 1852 in the "Italian Style". It is basically a cube with a center hall plan. The original rear wing was remodeled in 1883 and a third two story wing added. An additional wing and piazza were added in 1908, resulting in the current irregular plan.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>Fountain Elms, located on Genesee Street in Utica, NY, was built in</p><br>
<p>1850 by Helen Elizabeth Munson Williams (1824-1894) and James Watson Williams (1810-1873)</p><br>
<p>in collaboration with architect William Woollett of Albany, NY.</p><br>
<p>2016. Fountain Elms was also the home where Helen and James Williams raised their three</p><br>
<p>daughters Grace (1847-1854), Rachel (1850-1915), and Maria (1853-1935</p><br>
<h2>Family</h2><br>
<p>In 1823 Alfred Munson (1793-1854) moved to Utica, NY. He obtained his fortune in the Northeastern United States through investments in industrial businesses which included coal mining, manufacturing, canal development, and railroad and</p><br>
<p>steamboat transportation.</p><br>
<p>Helen Elizabeth Munson Williams, Alfreds daughter, was a Utica, NY native who in 1846 married local lawyer James Watson Williams. James became heavily involved in his father-in-laws business negotiations, and</p><br>
<p>even became a lobbyist in the New York State Legislature on Alfred&#39;s behalf. Helen was well regarded for her philanthropic efforts in the Central New York</p><br>
<p>region, as well as for her abundant 19th century fine art collections. She was known as a savvy</p><br>
<p>investor who, through strategic decisions, increased her inheritance ten-fold. Using her acquired money, she went on to purchase more pieces of fine art and</p><br>
<p>decorations adding to what would become the center of the family’s art compilation. After the death of Helen Munson Williams in 1894, her two surviving</p><br>
<p>daughters Rachel and Maria continued with her philanthropic efforts in the Oneida county region</p><br>
<p>of New York State.</p><br>
<p>On April 9, 1891, at the age of 38, Maria Watson Williams married the prominent Thomas R. Proctor (1844-1920). Rachel Munson Williams at the age of 44 married Frederick Proctor (1856-1929)</p><br>
<p>in 1894. After Rachel and Frederick&#39;s marriage, they</p><br>
<p>moved into Fountain Elms; during this time the pair continued to add to the building&#39;s internal</p><br>
<p>design by collecting multiple works of art and decorative furnishings.</p><br>
<p>In returning from England in 1912, Rachel expanded the Episcopal Sisterhood and the Sisters of</p><br>
<p>Saint Margaret. Rachel and husband Frederick Proctor</p><br>
<p>built and provided furnishings for St. Luke&#39;s home and hospital. Rachel and Maria are both credited with providing many contributions to Grace</p><br>
<p>Church in Utica. Rachel and Maria did not provide heirs to the</p><br>
<p>Munson Williams Proctor fortune.</p><br>
<h2>Fountain Elms</h2><br>
<p>After the death of James Watson Williams in 1876, Helen and her children began the task</p><br>
<p>of modifying the Fountain Elms home(“Fountain Elms Building.” ). In 1936 shortly after the</p><br>
<p>death of Maria the Munson Williams Proctor Arts Institute was opened by Frederick</p><br>
<p>Proctor(“Fountain Elms Building.” ). The Fountain Elms building served as the museum&#39;s</p><br>
<p>galleries for years until 1960 after the completion of a brand new gallery space designed by</p><br>
<p>Philip Johnson(“Fountain Elms Building.” ). It was then decided that the Fountain Elms building</p><br>
<p>would be restored to its original 1850’s Victorian era style(“Fountain Elms Building.” ). The</p><br>
<p>project received a large amount of national attention as it was one of the earliest of its kind in the</p><br>
<p>United States(“Fountain Elms Building.” ). In August 2013 the building had sustained a large</p><br>
<p>amount of water damage(Sara, Tracey). In order to repair the damage, the Preservation League</p><br>
<p>of New York State awarded $3,000 dollars to the project( Sara, Tracey).</p><br>
<h2>Current uses</h2><br>
<p>The museum has a wide array of permanent collections including European Modernism, Modern</p><br>
<p>and Contemporary Art, 19th Century American Paintings and Sculptures, and Thomas Cole’s</p><br>
<p>“The Voyage of Life” which is currently on tour( “Fountain Elms Building.” ). General admission is free, but special exhibits may require a fee. The museum also houses workshops and art classes ( “Fountain Elms Building.” ). The Museum has events annually, including the Sidewalk Art show, Antique and Classic Car show, and the Invitational Craft show, which are free to the</p><br>
<p>public( “Fountain Elms Building.” ).</p><br>
<p>Byington Mill , also known as the J. A. Firsching & Son Building, is a historic knitting mill located at Utica in Oneida County, New York.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by Utica architect Frederick H. Gouge and was built in 1910 as a four story structure; a fifth floor was added before 1929. It consists of a rectangular main block built of brick load bearing walls, a heavy timber frame, and a flat roof. A two story office wing and one story shop section was originally attached to the building. However, this addition was demolished in 2007 when the city erroneously issued a permit to do so. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The city of Utica repossessed the building in 1983 and sold it to the Cobblestone Construction Co. in 1999. Cobblestone struggled to attract tenants, and left the building in 2008. The building was purchased by Pezzolanella Construction in 2009 for $315,972, and they are presently restoring the structure.</p><br>
<p>Doyle Hardware Building is a historic factory building located at 330 Main St in Utica in Oneida County, New York. It was built in three sections between 1881 and 1901. The entire four story complex is approximately 100 feet by 260 feet with 82,000 square feet of space. It was a work of Utica architect Frederick H. Gouge.</p><br>
<p>Built originally as a clothing factory, in 1934 it became a factory for manufacture of spark plugs, and in 1947 became home to Utica Distributing Company, later Doyle Hardware.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>Redevelopment</h2><br>
<p>City officials and local business saw the building as important to the revitalization of the surrounding historic neighborhood, which includes Union Station, also on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The building was purchased in 2007 by a developer who planned to convert the building into a restaurant, commercial office space and loft apartments. A restaurant and bar opened in 2010 but closed in 2012 with no other development of the building occurring. The building went into foreclosure and the developer declared bankruptcy on Jan 31, 2013. The building was listed for sale in 2015.</p><br>
<p>North Baldface is a 3,606 ft mountain in the township of Bean&#39;s Purchase, New Hampshire in the eastern White Mountains. It gets its name from its steep barren southeast face. Along with the neighboring summit South Baldface, it is a popular hiking destination, especially in the summer. The two mountains are ascended by the Slippery Brook, Baldface Knob, Baldface Circle, Meader Ridge, and Bicknell Ridge trails.</p><br>
<h2>Nearby mountains and drainage</h2><br>
<p>South Baldface is located directly to the southeast, along the Baldface Circle Trail. To the west is the valley of the Wild River with the Carter-Moriah Range beyond. Mount Meader, a 2,782 ft summit, lies 3 mi to the northeast.</p><br>
<p>The east side of the mountain drains via Charles Brook into the Cold River watershed, to the Saco River and thence the Atlantic Ocean; the southwest side drains into the East Branch Saco River then into the Saco; and the northwest side drains into the Wild River, a tributary of the Androscoggin River and ultimately the Kennebec River and Atlantic Ocean.</p><br>
<p>The Grosvenor Club and North and South Wales Bank is a building at 47–57 Eastgate Street, Chester, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and continues to be used as a bank.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was constructed as a combined gentlemens club and bank between 1881 and 1883. It is sited adjacent to the Eastgate, and was designed by the local architects Douglas and Fordham. In 1908 the building was enlarged by the same firm, then known as Douglas and Minshull. It is no longer used as a gentlemens club but is still a bank.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The bank has three storeys, plus attics. The lowest storey is constructed in red sandstone and the upper storeys in brick with stone dressings; it has a roof of Westmorland green slate. In the lintel over the doorway in the entrance bay is a carving of the portcullis from the Grosvenor coat of arms. Above the door is a three-storey canted oriel window carried on corbels; between the corbels are two more coats of arms. The windows are all mullioned, those in the middle storey also having two transoms, and that in the upper storey has a transom. Between the windows is brick diapering. At the summit of this bay is a spire with a lead finial. To the left of the entrance bay is a wing containing two mullioned and transomed windows in each storey; the left-hand window in the middle storey is a canted oriel window. Centrally at the summit is another spire with a lead finial. To the right of the entrance bay are three mullioned and transomed windows in each storey, plus a two-light window in the gable. Between the lower and middle-storey windows is a frieze containing shields with the arms of the twelve former shires of Wales. Centrally between the middle and top-storey windows is the Grosvenor coat of arms. Above the top-storey windows is the gilded date "1883". Over the window in the attic is the sheaf from the Grosvenor arms. The gable is elaborately shaped with four finials, and behind it is a belfry with a pyramidal roof and a finial. Two shaped chimneys rise from the roof.</p><br>
<p>Dell Bridge is a footbridge in Port Sunlight, Wirral, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built in sandstone in 1894 for Lever Brothers in their model village of Port Sunlight and was designed by the Chester architects&#39; firm of Douglas and Fordham. It carries a pedestrian walkway over a landscaped hollow which had been formed from a former tidal inlet. It is a saddle-back bridge with a parabolic arch. The keystones are carved with masks, one of a Jacobean man, the other of a Restoration man. Above these are plaques, that to the east bears an inscription; that to the west a sundial. The bridge is supported by buttresses, and at each end is a canted projection with decorated panels. There are benches by the walkway. Originally there were ball finials on the bridge, but these are no longer present.</p><br>
<p>The R. N. Linn House, also known as the Robert A. and Eleanor C. Nordyke Residence, at 2013 Kakela Drive in Honolulu, Hawaii, was built in 1928 in the style of architecture then emerging in Hawaii during the 1920s. Although it is relatively modest cottage, it exhibits such typical elements of that style as a double-pitched hip roof , exposed rafters, casement windows, an open floor plan, Chinese interior motifs, and a panoramic view. Its architect was J. Alvin Shadinger, who was noted especially for his interior designs. The house was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>Many of the leading architects in Honolulu during the 1920s consciously employed both European and Asian motifs in their designs, as they pursued a distinctive Hawaiian style of architecture that celebrated the multiethnic roots of Island society. Among the most influential was Hart Wood, whose artful blending of motifs can still be seen in the First Chinese Church of Christ, the Alexander & Baldwin Building, and the Gump Building (all built in 1929), as well as in several grand private residences. The R. N. Linn house is one of the few fine middle-class homes from that period to show similar Chinese influences.</p><br>
<p>Reuben N. Linn was a court reporter and his wife Merle taught at Waialua Elementary School. They had acquired a lot of Chinese household furniture during a trip to China in 1922, and this likely influenced their choice of interior design. They lived in the house until 1950, when Mrs. Linn died. The Nordykes, who were friends of the Linns, bought the house in 1960. In 1961, Mrs. Nordyke gave birth to twin daughters in the same maternity ward at Kapi&#39;olani Medical Center for Women & Children where Ann Dunham was giving birth to Barack Obama. The twins were classmates of the future President at Noelani Elementary School and then at Punahou School.</p><br>
<p>The Boxcar Rapids  are Class 3 rapids on the Deschutes River, located south and upriver from Maupin, Oregon, United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The rapids were named the Boxcar Rapids in 1954, when a train on the Oregon Trunk Line of the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway turned a curve in the railroad and hit a rock slide. The engine hit it hard, derailing all three locomotives and all twelve boxcars, and because the railroad is built on the side of the steep valley&#39;s hills, two cars (one locomotive and one boxcar) tumbled into the river. The boxcar was visible in the middle of the rapid. It took over two weeks to get a line on the engine and another two to pull it out of the Deschutes. The engine, fire car, boxcar, and all of the train crew were lost in the deep, turbulent water, and the crash was one of the worst in the history of the Oregon Trunk Line. Shortly after, the rapids were named the "Boxcar Rapids."</p><br>
<h2>The rapids today</h2><br>
<p>Boxcar Rapids is very heavily traveled compared to other rapids, especially from whitewater rafting tours from Maupin. The rapids are turbulent and have large waves, and a small but noticeable drop. There is also a small ledge drop that leads to a hole on the left side.</p><br>
<p>Nearby Wapinitia Rapids (also a Class 3) is named after a Warm Springs word, the correct spelling of which should be wapinita. The term is difficult to translate, but suggests a location near the edge of something, especially the edge of a desert or cultivated land. Wapinitia Creek empties into the Deschutes south of Maupin.</p><br>
<p>Belle Mont is a historic Jeffersonian-style plantation house near Tuscumbia in Colbert County, Alabama. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 23, 1982, due to its architectural significance.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Belle Mont was built between 1828 and 1832 for Dr. Alexander W. Mitchell, a native of Virginia. Mitchell, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh, was also one of the first large-scale planters and slaveholders in the area. Mitchell sold the 1,680 acre plantation to another Virginia native, Isaac Winston, in 1833. It remained in the Winston family until 1941. The house and 33 acre were donated to the Alabama Historical Commission in 1983. It has been undergoing a phased restoration since that time and is currently operated as a historic house museum.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Considered by architectural scholars to be a clear example of Thomas Jefferson&#39;s influence upon the architecture of the early United States, Belle Mont is one of only a few surviving examples of Jeffersonian architecture in the Deep South. Built in red brick, it features a raised, two story central section with flanking one-story wings. The side wings project toward the rear in a U-shape, forming a semi-enclosed rear courtyard.</p><br>
<p>Fort Van Meter — or Fort VanMeter — is a mid-18th century frontier fort in the South Branch Potomac River Valley about 9 mi southwest of Romney in Hampshire County, West Virginia, USA. It is located 15 mi northeast of Moorefield and about a mile northeast of the former community of Glebe at the northern end of the rugged river gorge known as The Trough.</p><br>
<p>Fort Van Meter, a small rectangular stone building erected around 1754 for the protection of white settlers against hostile Indians of the Delaware and Shawnee tribes, is still standing and has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) since 2009.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Fort Van Meter is a small rectangular building constructed of uncoursed local stone and surmounted by a pitched and side-gabled roof. (The roof&#39;s presently exposed rafters and cedar shake shingles were reconstructed in 1987.) Its floor measures about 19.6 feet by 13.8 feet. The walls are about 15 inches thick and feature several firing ports (loopholes) to allow defense of the fort by musket fire. (These are about 6-12 inches high and 2-3 inches wide.)</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>About 10 years prior to the forts construction, the area approximately 8 miles upstream (the southern end of "The Trough") known as "Indian Old Fields" had been settled by Isaac Van Meter (ca. 1696-1757), his wife Annetje Wynkoop, and their four children. This Dutch-American family constructed a fortified log residence there in 1744. The earliest documents related to the land on which Fort Van Meter was constructed date to 11 June 1749 when Thomas, Lord Fairfax conveyed "Lot 2" (consisting of 405 acres) to Henry Van Meter (probably Isaacs son).</p><br>
<p>By about 1754, two years before the open outbreak of hostilities known as the French and Indian War, the family felt it necessary to build the stronger structure downstream at what came to be called Fort Van Meter. (Somewhat confusingly, the upstream settlement — known as Fort Pleasant and also listed on the NRHP since 1973 — was also long known as "Fort Van Meter". Nothing remains of the elaborate wooden stockade and blockhouse at Fort Pleasant.) These structures were part of a long chain of fortifications built along the frontier of the Allegheny Mountains at that time, and especially after 1756. Fort Van Meter was relatively small among these and was never garrisoned by Colonel George Washington&#39;s Virginia Regiment as there would have been no barracks to accommodate troops. However, unlike most of the others, which were wooden, it was made of stone and so has survived relatively intact to the present day.</p><br>
<p>Fort Van Meter may have been built by a skilled local mason named Nathaniel Kuykendall and his son Isaac, who are known to have been active in the South Branch River valley at the time. During later and more peaceful days, the fort was used to salt and store meat. The property passed to an Abraham Van Meter in 1804, but finally passed out of the family altogether when it was sold in 1833. Fort Van Meter is one of five significant Van Meter family dwellings that survive today; the others are Fort Pleasant, Traveler&#39;s Rest, Garrett VanMeter House, and Buena Vista Farms.</p><br>
<p>Tower Homestead and Masonic Temple, also known as Harding Residence and Masonic Temple, is a historic home and Masonic Temple located at Waterville in Oneida County, New York. The house is an 85 by residence and consists of three attached sections: a central Greek Revival style, two-story central section built in 1830; an older Federal-style wing built about 1800; and a west wing built in 1910 by Charlemagne Tower, Jr. The homestead also includes a small brick building built as a law office by Charlemagne Tower and later used as a schoolhouse, a barn, two horse barns, the old gardener&#39;s house, a small bathhouse, two modern garages, and a modern nursing home . The Masonic Lodge building was built in 1896 by Reuben Tower II as an office. It was later purchased by a local Masonic Lodge and used as a meeting hall. It features a 103 ft, three-stage tower.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Roman Baths of Ankara are the ruined remains of an ancient Roman bath complex in Ankara, Turkey, which were uncovered by excavations carried out in 1937-1944, and have subsequently been opened to the public as an open-air museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The baths are located on a plateau, traditionally known as Çankırı Kapı, which rises 2.5 meters above the west side of Çankırı Caddesi, about 400 meters from the centre of the old Ankara district of Ulus, and has been identified as a höyük (tumulus), with Roman, mixed with Byzantine and Seljuk, material at the top and Phrygian settlement material at the base.</p><br>
<p>The ancient city of Ancyra stood at the crossroads between the East and West and during the Roman period, the citys strategic location led to its rise to prominence as the capital of the province of Galatia. To the east of this plateau ran a roadway from the citys sacred precinct, the area of the Temple of Augustus, a section of which, flanked by second or third century grey-veined marble columns with Corinthian capitals, was uncovered during the construction of Çankiri Caddesi, during the development of Ankara into the new Turkish capital in the 1930s.</p><br>
<p>The baths were constructed in the third century by the Roman Emperor Caracalla (212-217), who also constructed the Baths of Caracalla in Rome, in honour of Asclepios, the God of Medicine, and built around three principal rooms: the caldarium (hot bath), the tepidarium (warm bath) and the frigidarium (cold bath) in a typically laid-out 80m x 120m classical complex. The baths were in use up until the eighth century when they were destroyed by fire leaving only the ruins of the basement and first floor.</p><br>
<p>The adjacent höyük (tumulus) was excavated by Prof. Dr. Remzi Oğuz Arık in 1937 revealing the Phrygian and Roman remains. General Director of Museums Hamit Z. Koşay and field director Necati Dolunay administered further excavations, funded by the Türk Tarih Kurumnu (Turkish Historical Society), which revealed the bath buildings in 1938-1939 and fully exposed them in 1940-1943. Excavation&#39;s architect Mahmut Akok investigated and drew a reconstructed plan of the baths before their restoration was begun.</p><br>
<p>Prof. Dr. Arık was able to date construction of the baths to the reign Caracalla by coins found during the excavations supported by contemporary inscriptions, whilst further coins indicated the baths were in continuous use for about 500 years, undergoing repair from time to time.</p><br>
<h2>Layout</h2><br>
<p>The site is entered via the ticket office on Çankırı Caddesi which opens out onto the old palaestra (wrestling court), which was surrounded by a portico with 128 marble columns (32 on each side) now ruined and is home to a display of tombs, gravestones, altars and other inscriptions from the Roman, Byzantine and late Hellenistic periods.</p><br>
<p>Behind the palaestra the apodeiterium (dressing room) and the three bath buildings are laid out in a typical design. The abnormally large dimensions of the tepidarium and caldarium has been put down to the popularity of these warmer areas during the city&#39;s cold winters. The most prominent surviving features are the brick columns which supported the floor and around which air heated in underground ovens was circulated to warm the rooms above.</p><br>
<p>The remains of the columned roadway are visible to the north of the palaestra.</p><br>
<p>US Post Office-Boonville is a historic post office building located at Boonville in Oneida County, New York, United States. It was designed and built in 1937, and is one of a number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department, Louis A. Simon. It is a one story, five bay building with a poured concrete foundation and brick facades in the Colonial Revival style. It features a hipped roof surmounted by an octagonal cupola with metal window tracery and an iron weathervane. The interior features a mural painted by the McCullough sisters of New York City depicting a 19th-century scene on the Black River Canal. It is a contributing structure within the Boonville Historic District.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>Balderton Cheese Factory is a building in the village of Balderton, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This was a factory for the manufacture of cheese built in 1874–75 for the 1st Duke of Westminster in a village on his Eaton Hall estate. It was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas. A small number of cheese factories were built on Cheshire estates during the 19th century and the cheese was then carried to industrial towns on special trains. This building is no longer used for cheese manufacture. A similar factory was the Aldford Cheese Factory in Bruera, also designed by Douglas for the Duke, and built about the same time.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is constructed in red brick with timber framing in its attic storey, and a slate roof. Its main part has four bays and behind it are additional wings. The left bay formed the office of the factory and it projects forward. It contains a five-light casement window, over which is a jettied gable containing a three-light window. The next bay is recessed and contains a Tudor arched doorway with a window to its right. Above this are timber-framed panels, but no gable. The third bay projects forward; it has two three-light windows, the upper one is in a timber-framed gable that is smaller than the gable in the left bay. The fourth bay is recessed with two three-light windows at the lower level. Above these are two two-light windows set in dormers. A chimney rises from the roof of the left bay and behind the right bay is a large boiler-house chimney.</p><br>
<p>The Haverhill-Bath Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge over the Ammonoosuc River joining Bath and Woodsville, New Hampshire. Formerly used to carry New Hampshire Route 135, the bridge was idled in 1999. Restored in 2004, it is now open to foot traffic only. It is believed to be the oldest covered bridge in the state.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built in 1829 with funding provided by both towns. It was built by Moses Abbott and Leonard Walker after Airel Miner, the first choice to supervise the construction, stepped down. The bridge is a Town lattice truss bridge with two spans. The road bed is 2568" long and 144" wide and the roof is 2778" long, covering not just the bridge but also framed entrances on both sides. There is a sidewalk (not part of the original construction) on the east side of the bridge that is 61" wide. The roof on that side is extended over the sidewalk, giving the roof profile that of a saltbox house.</p><br>
<p>The bridge has survived a number of flooding events, most notably in 1927, when the lattice work was pierced by a tree trunk, and a barn was carried into the structure. It has been renovated multiple times, most recently in 2004. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Swiftwater Covered Bridge is a historic covered bridge which carries Valley Road over the Wild Ammonoosuc River in Bath, New Hampshire. The bridge, the fourth on the site, was built in 1849, and is a locally distinctive single-span Paddleford truss design, with laminated arches and steel beam reinforcements added in the 20th century. The bridge has an overall length of 1738" and two clear spans of 776" and 576". The roadbed is 146" wide, with a vertical clearance of 12&#39;9". It rests on lightly-mortared split granite abutments topped with concrete footings. The roof is made of corrugated metal, and the sides are sheathed in vertical planking to a height of eight feet. The bridge is said to have survived the use of explosives to clear logjams in the area.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>St Mary&#39;s School is on the west side of Eaton Road in the village of Eccleston, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is still in use today, now known as Eccleston C-of-E Primary School.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The school was built in 1878 for the 1st Duke of Westminster and designed by the Chester architect John Douglas. It continues to be in use as a Church of England primary school.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The architectural style is described by Douglas biographer, Edward Hubbard, as being Gothic, although in the citation in The National Heritage List for England it is described as being as Tudor. It is constructed in red sandstone with a red tile roof and its plan is a T-shape. The school is attached to the former schoolmasters house, also designed by Douglas, and also a Grade II* listed building. Attached to the other end of the school is an octagonal turret with a belfry and a steeple. The gables have stone coping and shaped finials. At the apex of the front gable is a niche containing the statue of a figure wearing a crown, teaching a child. The windows are mullioned; some of them are arched, while others are straight-headed. There are two arched doorways; the doors have elaborate wrought iron hinges.</p><br>
<h2>Critique</h2><br>
<p>Douglas designed schools for other estate villages, including Aldford, Dodleston and Waverton. Like Eccleston School, Waverton School is built in close proximity to the schoolmasters house. In each case the buildings are contrasted, the house being partly half-timbered while the school is constructed entirely in stone. Hubbard considers that these two schools "are outstanding among Douglas village schools, and though both are attractive, Eccleston is the more delightful of the two". Similarly the authors of the Buildings of England series express the opinion that Eccleston is the best of Douglas&#39; estate schools.</p><br>
